| ++++ || Содержание [[креатин]]а в мышцах || ↑↑↑ Сильный || Очень высокая<ref name="Favero">del Favero S, Roschel H, Artioli G, Ugrinowitsch C, Tricoli V, Costa A, Barroso R, Negrelli AL, Otaduy MC, da Costa Leite C, Lancha-Junior AH, Gualano B. Creatine but not betaine supplementation increases muscle phosphorylcreatine content and strength performance. Amino Acids. 2012 Jun;42(6):2299-305. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-0972-5. Epub 2011 Jul 9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21744011</ref><ref>Banerjee B, Sharma U, Balasubramanian K, Kalaivani M, Kalra V, Jagannathan NR. Effect of creatine monohydrate in improving cellular energetics and muscle strength in ambulatory Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled 31P MRS study. Magn Reson Imaging. 2010 Jun;28(5):698-707. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2010.03.008. Epub 2010 Apr 15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20395096</ref><ref>Spillane M, Schoch R, Cooke M, Harvey T, Greenwood M, Kreider R, Willoughby DS. The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2009 Feb 19;6:6. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-6-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19228401</ref><ref>Hadjicharalambous M, Kilduff LP, Pitsiladis YP. Brain serotonin and dopamine modulators, perceptual responses and endurance performance during exercise in the heat following creatine supplementation. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2008 Sep 30;5:14. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-5-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18826587</ref><ref>Brault JJ, Towse TF, Slade JM, Meyer RA. Parallel increases in phosphocreatine and total creatine in human vastus lateralis muscle during creatine supplementation. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2007 Dec;17(6):624-34. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18156666</ref><ref>McConell GK, Shinewell J, Stephens TJ, Stathis CG, Canny BJ, Snow RJ. Creatine supplementation reduces muscle inosine monophosphate during endurance exercise in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Dec;37(12):2054-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16331129</ref><ref>Poortmans JR, Kumps A, Duez P, Fofonka A, Carpentier A, Francaux M. Effect of oral creatine supplementation on urinary methylamine, formaldehyde, and formate. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Oct;37(10):1717-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16260971</ref><refname="Roy">Roy BD, de Beer J, Harvey D, Tarnopolsky MA. Creatine monohydrate supplementation does not improve functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Jul;86(7):1293-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16003653</ref><ref>Watt KK, Garnham AP, Snow RJ. Skeletal muscle total creatine content and creatine transporter gene expression in vegetarians prior to and following creatine supplementation. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004 Oct;14(5):517-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15673098</ref><ref>Kilduff LP, Pitsiladis YP, Tasker L, Attwood J, Hyslop P, Dailly A, Dickson I, Grant S. Effects of creatine on body composition and strength gains after 4 weeks of resistance training in previously nonresistance-trained humans. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Dec;13(4):504-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14967873</ref><ref>Burke DG, Chilibeck PD, Parise G, Candow DG, Mahoney D, Tarnopolsky M. Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Nov;35(11):1946-55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14600563</ref><refname="van Loon">van Loon LJ, Murphy R, Oosterlaar AM, Cameron-Smith D, Hargreaves M, Wagenmakers AJ, Snow R. Creatine supplementation increases glycogen storage but not GLUT-4 expression in human skeletal muscle. Clin Sci (Lond). 2004 Jan;106(1):99-106. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14507259</ref><ref name="van Loon2">van Loon LJ, Oosterlaar AM, Hartgens F, Hesselink MK, Snow RJ, Wagenmakers AJ. Effects of creatine loading and prolonged creatine supplementation on body composition, fuel selection, sprint and endurance performance in humans. Clin Sci (Lond). 2003 Feb;104(2):153-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12546637</ref><ref name="Tarnopolsky">Tarnopolsky M, Mahoney D, Thompson T, Naylor H, Doherty TJ. Creatine monohydrate supplementation does not increase muscle strength, lean body mass, or muscle phosphocreatine in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. Muscle Nerve. 2004 Jan;29(1):51-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14694498</ref><ref>Thompson CH, Kemp GJ, Sanderson AL, Dixon RM, Styles P, Taylor DJ, Radda GK. Effect of creatine on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle in swimmers. Br J Sports Med. 1996 Sep;30(3):222-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8889115</ref><ref>Nelson AG, Arnall DA, Kokkonen J, Day R, Evans J. Muscle glycogen supercompensation is enhanced by prior creatine supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jul;33(7):1096-100. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11445755</ref><ref>Robinson TM, Sewell DA, Hultman E, Greenhaff PL. Role of submaximal exercise in promoting creatine and glycogen accumulation in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1999 Aug;87(2):598-604. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10444618</ref><ref>Op 't Eijnde B, Ursø B, Richter EA, Greenhaff PL, Hespel P. Effect of oral creatine supplementation on human muscle GLUT4 protein content after immobilization. Diabetes. 2001 Jan;50(1):18-23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147785</ref> || Увеличение уровня креатина

| ++++ || Креатинин || ↑↑ значительный || Умеренная<ref name="Shefner">Shefner JM, Cudkowicz ME, Schoenfeld D, Conrad T, Taft J, Chilton M, Urbinelli L, Qureshi M, Zhang H, Pestronk A, Caress J, Donofrio P, Sorenson E, Bradley W, Lomen-Hoerth C, Pioro E, Rezania K, Ross M, Pascuzzi R, Heiman-Patterson T, Tandan R, Mitsumoto H, Rothstein J, Smith-Palmer T, MacDonald D, Burke D; NEALS Consortium. A clinical trial of creatine in ALS. Neurology. 2004 Nov 9;63(9):1656-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15534251</ref><ref name="Mendes">Mendes RR, Pires I, Oliveira A, Tirapegui J. Effects of creatine supplementation on the performance and body composition of competitive swimmers. J Nutr Biochem. 2004 Aug;15(8):473-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15302082</ref><ref name="Volek">Volek JS, Mazzetti SA, Farquhar WB, Barnes BR, Gómez AL, Kraemer WJ. Physiological responses to short-term exercise in the heat after creatine loading. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jul;33(7):1101-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11445756</ref><ref name="Manjarrez">Manjarrez-Montes de Oca R, Farfán-González F, Camarillo-Romero S, Tlatempa-Sotelo P, Francisco-Argüelles C, Kormanowski A, González-Gallego J, Alvear-Ordenes I. Effects of creatine supplementation in taekwondo practitioners. Nutr Hosp. 2013 Mar-Apr;28(2):391-9. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.2.6314. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23822690</ref><ref name="Tarnopolsky" /><ref name="Earnest">Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Lond). 1996 Jul;91(1):113-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8774269</ref><refname="Tarnopolsky2">Tarnopolsky MA, Mahoney DJ, Vajsar J, Rodriguez C, Doherty TJ, Roy BD, Biggar D. Creatine monohydrate enhances strength and body composition in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neurology. 2004 May 25;62(10):1771-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15159476</ref><refname="Dabidi">Dabidi Roshan V, Babaei H, Hosseinzadeh M, Arendt-Nielsen L. The effect of creatine supplementation on muscle fatigue and physiological indices following intermittent swimming bouts. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2013 Jun;53(3):232-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23715246</ref><refname="Mayhew">Mayhew DL, Mayhew JL, Ware JS. Effects of long-term creatine supplementation on liver and kidney functions in American college football players. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2002 Dec;12(4):453-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12500988</ref><ref>Kornblum C, Schröder R, Müller K, Vorgerd M, Eggers J, Bogdanow M, Papassotiropoulos A, Fabian K, Klockgether T, Zange J. Creatine has no beneficial effect on skeletal muscle energy metabolism in patients with single mitochondrial DNA deletions: a placebo-controlled, double-blind 31P-MRS crossover study. Eur J Neurol. 2005 Apr;12(4):300-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15804248</ref><ref name="Schilling">Schilling BK, Stone MH, Utter A, Kearney JT, Johnson M, Coglianese R, Smith L, O'Bryant HS, Fry AC, Starks M, Keith R, Stone ME. Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Feb;33(2):183-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11224803</ref><ref name="Deminice">Deminice R, Rosa FT, Franco GS, Jordao AA, de Freitas EC. Effects of creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers after repeated-sprint exercise in humans. Nutrition. 2013 Sep;29(9):1127-32. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.03.003. Epub 2013 Jun 22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23800565</ref> || Креатин обычно повышает уровень креатинина в сыворотке крови во время фазы нагрузки. Это не является признаком повреждения почек.

| ++++ || Гидратация || ↑↑ значительный || Очень высокая<ref name="Mendes" /><ref name="Wright">Wright GA, Grandjean PW, Pascoe DD. The effects of creatine loading on thermoregulation and intermittent sprint exercise performance in a hot humid environment. J Strength Cond Res. 2007 Aug;21(3):655-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17685723</ref><ref name="Mendes" /><ref name="Kutz">Kutz MR, Gunter MJ. Creatine monohydrate supplementation on body weight and percent body fat. J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Nov;17(4):817-21. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14636103</ref><ref name="Volek" /><ref>Sculthorpe N, Grace F, Jones P, Fletcher I. The effect of short-term creatine loading on active range of movement. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010 Aug;35(4):507-11. doi: 10.1139/H10-036. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725117</ref><ref>Lopez RM, Casa DJ, McDermott BP, Ganio MS, Armstrong LE, Maresh CM. Does creatine supplementation hinder exercise heat tolerance or hydration status? A systematic review with meta-analyses. J Athl Train. 2009 Mar-Apr;44(2):215-23. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-44.2.215. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19295968</ref><ref>Easton C, Turner S, Pitsiladis YP. Creatine and glycerol hyperhydration in trained subjects before exercise in the heat. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2007 Feb;17(1):70-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17460334</ref><ref>Weiss BA, Powers ME. Creatine supplementation does not impair the thermoregulatory response during a bout of exercise in the heat. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Dec;46(4):555-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17119520</ref><ref>Watson G, Casa DJ, Fiala KA, Hile A, Roti MW, Healey JC, Armstrong LE, Maresh CM. Creatine use and exercise heat tolerance in dehydrated men. J Athl Train. 2006 Jan-Mar;41(1):18-29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16619091</ref> || Значительная из-за увеличения веса воды в скелетных мышцах после приема креатина.

| +++ || Глюкоза в крови || ↓ незначительный || Низкая<ref name="Manjarrez" /><ref name="Earnest" /><refname="Gualano">Gualano B, Novaes RB, Artioli GG, Freire TO, Coelho DF, Scagliusi FB, Rogeri PS, Roschel H, Ugrinowitsch C, Lancha AH Jr. Effects of creatine supplementation on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in sedentary healthy males undergoing aerobic training. Amino Acids. 2008 Feb;34(2):245-50. Epub 2007 Mar 30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17396216</ref><refname="Rooney">Rooney KB, Bryson JM, Digney AL, Rae CD, Thompson CH. Creatine supplementation affects glucose homeostasis but not insulin secretion in humans. Ann Nutr Metab. 2003;47(1):11-5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12624482</ref> || Не отмечено влияние на уровень глюкозы в крови натощак, но постпрандиально снижение на 11-22%.

| +++ || Аэробные упражнения || - || Очень высокая<ref name="Smith" /><ref>Reardon TF, Ruell PA, Fiatarone Singh MA, Thompson CH, Rooney KB. Creatine supplementation does not enhance submaximal aerobic training adaptations in healthy young men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006 Oct;98(3):234-41. Epub 2006 Aug 9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16896727</ref><ref>Netreba aI, Shenkman BS, Popov DV, Tarasova OS, Vdovina AB, Khotchenkov VP, Stekhanova TN, Vinogradova OL. Creatine as a metabolic controller of skeletal muscles structure and function in strength exercises in humans. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 2006 Jan;92(1):113-22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16613062</ref><ref>Cañete S, San Juan AF, Pérez M, Gómez-Gallego F, López-Mojares LM, Earnest CP, Fleck SJ, Lucia A. Does creatine supplementation improve functional capacity in elderly women? J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Feb;20(1):22-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16503684</ref><refname="Peyrebrune">Peyrebrune MC, Stokes K, Hall GM, Nevill ME. Effect of creatine supplementation on training for competition in elite swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Dec;37(12):2140-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16331142</ref><ref>Murphy AJ, Watsford ML, Coutts AJ, Richards DA. Effects of creatine supplementation on aerobic power and cardiovascular structure and function. J Sci Med Sport. 2005 Sep;8(3):305-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16248471</ref><ref>Tarnopolsky MA, Roy BD, MacDonald JR. A randomized, controlled trial of creatine monohydrate in patients with mitochondrial cytopathies. Muscle Nerve. 1997 Dec;20(12):1502-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9390662</ref> || Не влияет

| +++ || Производительность при ХОБЛ || - || Очень высокая<ref name="Deacon" /><ref name="Fuld" /><refname="Faager">Faager G, Söderlund K, Sköld CM, Rundgren S, Tollbäck A, Jakobsson P. Creatine supplementation and physical training in patients with COPD: a double blind, placebo-controlled study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2006;1(4):445-53. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044100</ref> || Не зависит от приема креатина

| +++ || [[Частота сердечных сокращений (ЧСС)| Частота сердцебиения ]] || - || Очень высокая <ref name="Volek" /><ref name="Dabidi" /><ref name="van Loon2" /> || Не влияет на частоту сердечных сокращений.

| +++ || [[ИФР-1 ]] || - || Очень высокая <ref name="Peyrebrune" /><ref>Burke DG, Candow DG, Chilibeck PD, MacNeil LG, Roy BD, Tarnopolsky MA, Ziegenfuss T. Effect of creatine supplementation and resistance-exercise training on muscle insulin-like growth factor in young adults. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2008 Aug;18(4):389-98. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18708688</ref><ref>Hoffman J, Ratamess N, Kang J, Mangine G, Faigenbaum A, Stout J. Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Aug;16(4):430-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17136944</ref><ref>Deldicque L, Louis M, Theisen D, Nielens H, Dehoux M, Thissen JP, Rennie MJ, Francaux M. Increased IGF mRNA in human skeletal muscle after creatine supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 May;37(5):731-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15870625</ref><ref>Volek JS, Ratamess NA, Rubin MR, Gómez AL, French DN, McGuigan MM, Scheett TP, Sharman MJ, Häkkinen K, Kraemer WJ. The effects of creatine supplementation on muscular performance and body composition responses to short-term resistance training overreaching. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 May;91(5-6):628-37. Epub 2003 Dec 18. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14685870</ref> || Недостаточно доказательств, подтверждающих роль креатина в увеличении IGF-1

| +++ || [[Инсулин ]] || - || Очень высокая <ref name="van Loon" /><ref name="Gualano" /><ref name="Rooney" /> || Не оказывает влияния на инсулин натощак.

| +++ || Функция [[Функции почек ]] || - || Очень высокая <ref>Neves M Jr, Gualano B, Roschel H, Lima FR, Lúcia de Sá-Pinto A, Seguro AC, Shimizu MH, Sapienza MT, Fuller R, Lancha AH Jr, Bonfá E. Effect of creatine supplementation on measured glomerular filtration rate in postmenopausal women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011 Jun;36(3):419-22. doi: 10.1139/h11-014. Epub 2011 May 16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21574777</ref><ref>Candow DG, Chilibeck PD, Burke DG, Mueller KD, Lewis JD. Effect of different frequencies of creatine supplementation on muscle size and strength in young adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Jul;25(7):1831-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7419a. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21512399</ref><ref>Gualano B, de Salles Painelli V, Roschel H, Lugaresi R, Dorea E, Artioli GG, Lima FR, da Silva ME, Cunha MR, Seguro AC, Shimizu MH, Otaduy MC, Sapienza MT, da Costa Leite C, Bonfá E, Lancha Junior AH. Creatine supplementation does not impair kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 May;111(5):749-56. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1676-3. Epub 2010 Oct 26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20976468</ref><ref>Gualano B, Ferreira DC, Sapienza MT, Seguro AC, Lancha AH Jr. Effect of short-term high-dose creatine supplementation on measured GFR in a young man with a single kidney. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 Mar;55(3):e7-9. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.10.053. Epub 2010 Jan 8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20060630</ref><ref>Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, Artioli GG, Shimizu MH, Seguro AC, Harris RC, Lancha AH Jr. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008 May;103(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s00421-007-0669-3. Epub 2008 Jan 11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18188581</ref><ref>Cancela P, Ohanian C, Cuitiño E, Hackney AC. Creatine supplementation does not affect clinical health markers in football players. Br J Sports Med. 2008 Sep;42(9):731-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.030700. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18780799</ref><ref>Poortmans JR, Kumps A, Duez P, Fofonka A, Carpentier A, Francaux M. Effect of oral creatine supplementation on urinary methylamine, formaldehyde, and formate. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Oct;37(10):1717-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16260971</ref><ref>Taes YE, Delanghe JR, De Bacquer D, Langlois M, Stevens L, Geerolf I, Lameire NH, De Vriese AS. Creatine supplementation does not decrease total plasma homocysteine in chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2004 Dec;66(6):2422-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15569335</ref><ref>Groeneveld GJ, Beijer C, Veldink JH, Kalmijn S, Wokke JH, van den Berg LH. Few adverse effects of long-term creatine supplementation in a placebo-controlled trial. Int J Sports Med. 2005 May;26(4):307-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15795816</ref> || Нет никакого существенного влияния на функцию почек.

| +++ || [[Лактат ]] || - || Умеренная <ref name="Mendes" /><ref name="Dabidi" /><ref name="van Loon2" /><ref name="Manjarrez" /><ref name="Deminice" /><ref>Mujika I, Chatard JC, Lacoste L, Barale F, Geyssant A. Creatine supplementation does not improve sprint performance in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Nov;28(11):1435-41. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8933496</ref> || Не доказано, уменьшение или увеличение лактата у пловцов после спринта.

| +++ || Ферменты печени || - || Очень высокая <ref name="Roy" /><ref name="Tarnopolsky" /><ref name="Tarnopolsky2" /><ref name="Manjarrez" /><ref name="Schilling" /><ref name="Mayhew" /><ref name="Groeneveld">Groeneveld GJ, Veldink JH, van der Tweel I, Kalmijn S, Beijer C, de Visser M, Wokke JH, Franssen H, van den Berg LH. A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2003 Apr;53(4):437-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12666111</ref> || Не доказано влияние на ферменты печени

| +++ || Функция [[Дыхательная функция|Функции легких ]] || - || Очень высокая <ref name="Tarnopolsky" /><ref name="Tarnopolsky2" /><ref name="Rosenfeld" /><ref name="Faager" /><ref name="Groeneveld" /><ref>Drory VE, Gross D. No effect of creatine on respiratory distress in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2002 Mar;3(1):43-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12061948</ref><ref>Mazzini L, Balzarini C, Colombo R, Mora G, Pastore I, De Ambrogio R, Caligari M. Effects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance and muscular strength in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: preliminary results. J Neurol Sci. 2001 Oct 15;191(1-2):139-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11677005</ref> || Не оказывает влияния

| +++ || [[холестерин| Общий холестерин ]] || - || Высокая <ref name="Manjarrez" /><ref name="Schilling" /><ref name="Earnest" /><ref>Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Artioli GG, Benatti FB, Scagliusi FB, Harris RC, Lancha AH Jr. Does creatine supplementation improve the plasma lipid profile in healthy male subjects undergoing aerobic training? J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2008 Oct 3;5:16. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-5-16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18831767</ref> || Не оказывает влияния на уровень общего холестерина

| +++ || [[Боковой амиотрофический склероз (лечение)| Лечение бокового амиотрофического склероза (БАС) ]] || - || Очень высокая || Краткосрочное использование может увеличить мощность, но длительный прием креатин не смог предотвратить ухудшение мышц и функции легких.